Gas-engine



No. 6|3,757. Patented Nov. 8, I898.

H. G. CARNELL.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application filed Apr. 6, 1896.) Modem 3 Sheets-Sheet m: Nonms PETERSco. PNQYQLITMQ, wnsnmamn, n. c.

No. 6I3,757. Patented Nov. 8, I898.

V H. G. CARNELL.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

w U a m "Jr v flu 0v & v i vv 1 m n W m m K w H. a

m: "cams PETERS cu, worauwc" wnsnmorm, a. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

N. t. Wm a m T D U HI Patented. Nov. 8, I898.

H. a. CARNELL.

G A S E N G l N E (Applicatioh filed Apr. 6, 1896.)

(No Model.)

PATENT Fries.

HARRY G. (DARNELL, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

GAS-ENGINE.

Ts'rncIFicA'rI'oN forming part of Iletters Patent No. 613,757detedNovember8-1898 Application filed April 6, 1396. Serial No. 586,458-(W EFF? T0 (0Z6 whom it may con/ceriu- Be it known that I, HARRY G.(DARNELL, a citizen 'of the United States, residing at Dayton, in thecounty of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Gas-Engines; and I do declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas-engines, and in so far asthe positions of the respective valves are concerned there is similaritybetween the present engine and the one shown and described in LettersPatent No. 556,086, granted to me March 10, 1896.

The object of the present invention is to obtain more regularity anduniformity in the speed of the engine by means hereinafter specified forcontrolling the opening of the admission-valves and for controlling thecontact and effecting a quickseparation of the electrodes.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved gasolene oroil attachment consisting of a timing and measuring valve that isoperated by the governor simultaneously with the air or mixtureadmission valve, which valve admits air alone when said gasolene-feedingdevices are used; and further objects of said invention relate to themounting of the stationary electrode and to means for operating theexhaust-valve.

To the foregoing ends the improvements have reference to parts, theirconstruction and arrangement, as will hereinafter be fully described inthe specification and pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a top or plan view of a gas-engine constructed in accordancewith my invention Fig. 2, afront end view of the powercylinder, showingthe valve-box and adjacent mechanism; Fig. 3, a vertical section throughthe valve-box, in which the stationary electrode is shown; Fig. 4, apartial side elevation of a portion of the power-cylinder, showing theexhaust; Fig. 5, a longitudinal section through a part of thepower-cylinder and elevation showing the devices for controlling theadmission-valves; Figs. 7 and 8, detail sectional views of the gasoleneor oil attachment. Figs. 9 and 10 are detailed views of a modified formof tappet devices for controlling the admission-valves; Fig. 11,adetailed sectional view of the movable electrode on the line 00 m ofFig. 2. Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the igniter-rod and adjuncts,somewhat modified as compared with the construction shown in Fig. 4.

In the specification similar letters and figcombustion-chamber; Fig. 0,a partial side'- ures of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral views.

A designates a power-cylinder which is suitably mounted in a bed B. Thebore of said cylinder is shown in broken lines in Fig. 3.

O is a transverse cam-shaft mounted in bearings O 0 above the front endof said cyl inder. This shaft carries a series of cams D, D, D, and Dwhose functions are to operate the valves and igniting devices, as willhereinafter more fully appean. E is a spiral gear on an end of saidshaft 0, that meshes with a similar gear E on a shaft E", that is drivenin a well-known manner from a crankshaft F.

H designates a box rigidly secured to the front end of the cylinder andhaving chambers 2 and 2, in which the air and gas are mixed and in whichthe mixture is subse quently ignited. The air and gas are ad mittedthrough pipes I and 1, respectively.

1 designates a valve for the admission of gas to the mixing-chamber 2,and 3 is an outwardly-opening valve for the admission of the mixturefrom said chamber 2 to a passage or chamber 4. This valve 3 is seatedabove the valve 1, and when it is opened sufficiently it impacts againstthe stem of said valve 1, and the two valves 1 and 3 are thussimultaneously opened, substantially as is shown and described in thepatent hereinbefore referred to.

From the passage4 the mixture is admitted to the combustion-chamber 2through an inwardly-opening check-valve 5.

Referring to the devices for operating the admission-valves 1 and 8,attention is directed to Figs. 1, 3, and 6 of the drawings, where 6designates a lever lying parallel with the cylinder and movable on afulcrum 7 by the governor 8, to the sleeve of which an end of said leveris attached. The outer portion of this lever 6 is forked and fits in acircumferential groove in a sleeve 8, that is adapted to slide on ashaft 9 under the action of the governor upon said. lever. The shaft 9is rigidly mounted on the upper partof the cylinderand forms a guide todirect the sleeve. The sleeve 8 has rigidly attached to its inner end atappet-spring 10, that is likewise subjected to the same movement as thesleeve.

11 is a tappet 011 the outer or free end of the spring 10, which isadapted to be shifted in and out of a position above a serrated tip 12on the end of the valve-stem 3 and below the cam D. As shown in Fig. 3,the lower surface of the tappet 11 tapers to vary the openings of theadmission-valves, and said surface may also be serrated to lock thegovernor against any vibration due to an excess of strain on thegovernor weights or springs. As is shown in the modified forms oftappet, Figs. 9 and 10, said tappet has a straight lower surface, andthe tip 12 on the end of the valve-stem 3 has a knife-edge. Theseconstructions are available to effect a hit and miss of the valve-stemor vary the number of explosions. Either form of tappet may beused inconnection with the shifting devices.

As before stated, the check-valve 5 admits the mixture from theintermediate chamber 4 to the combustion-chamber 2, and it also preventsthe force of the explosion affecting valve 3. The said valve 5 is openedby the cam D, which is set in line with the cam D.

13 designates a stationary electrode projecting vertically into thecombustion-chamber 2. This electrode is inclosed in a bushing l t, whichhas an annular flange 15. 16 is a casing or plug screwed into an openingbelow said chamber, said plug also forming the means of approach to thecheck-valve. The bushing 14: projects through this casing and issomewhat smaller than the opening in order to provide surrounding space.Above and below the flange 15 there are insulatingrings 17, which aretightened by means of an adjusting-cap 18, that incloses the inner endof the casing and is adapted to be screwed thereon to secure theelectrode in a proper position. The movable electrode consists of twoparts 19 and 19, the latter tapping into the former, as shown in Fig.11.

20 is a sleeve fitting in an opening in the case. The inner end of saidsleeve abuts with the inner member of the electrode and incloses theouter member. A nut 20 tightens the parts. By thus constructing andmounting said electrode it may be easily removed by detaching the parts.The employment of a plug, in which it is customary to mount saidelectrode, is therefore dispensed with and the water-jacket 20 may bebrought nearer to the electrode, as shown in Fig. 11.

A curved spring 21 is rigid on the outer end of said sleeve 20, throughwhich the lower end of an igniter-rod 22 loosely projects, as shown inFig. 4. This igniter-rod stands vertically below the cam D, and itslower end loosely penetrates both sides of the spring. 23 is a head orenlargement on the lower end of said igniter-rod, below the spring, and24 and 25 are similar devices on said rod that inclose the upper side ofsaid spring and by means of which downward pressure is conveyed to saidspring by said rod.

26 is a coil-spring around the upper portion of the ignitenrod. It isessential that this latter spring be substantially stronger than thecurved spring 21, owing to the important part it performs in effecting aquick separation of the electrodes, as follows: As the cam D depressesthe igniter-rod, which may occur on the outward stroke or partialcompression stroke of the piston, the spring 21 is moved sufficiently bysaid rod to move the electrode 19 in contact with the stationaryelectrode. \Vhen this contact is made, the igniter-rod continues to movedownwardly, moving the head 23 away from the lower side of spring. Asthe cam D passes over said igniter-rod the rapid expansion of the spring26 brings said head 23 again in contact with said spring and causes aninstantaneous separation of the electrodes. At this moment the spark iscreated that causes the explosion in chamber 2. The fl ame produced bythis explosion passes in a substantial body through a passage 5 to thecylinder (see Fig. 5) and there produces a thorough ignition of themixture.

For the curved spring 21 there may be substituted a helical spring 36,that can be placed on one side of the igniter-rod 22 and inclosedbetween a projecting portion 37 of said igniter-rod and an arm 38,projecting from the movable electrode 19. The compression of the spring36 by the downward movement of the i gniter-rod will actuate the movablee1ec-' trode in a manner similar to the operation of the curved spring21. The rigid head 23 on the lower end of the igniter-rod may besubstituted by the pivotal shoe 39, which acts the same in effecting acontact and separation of the igniter-points; but the friction betweenthe igniter-rod and the arm 38 is considerably less than that betweenthe rigid head 23 and the spring 21. These modifications are shown inFig. 12. They do not in the least change the functions of the partshereinbefore described; but the substitution facilitates the replacingof the spring when wear or constant usage requires.

5 designates an inwardly-opening valve controlling the exhaust-passage27, as shown in Fig. 3. This valve is operated by the cam D through alever 28, that has a fulcrum 011 a standard 29, that projects upwardlyfrom the exhaust-casing. The stem 5 of the exhaust-valve moves in anopening in a projectin g portion of said standard.

This construction is shown in Fig. 4, where, it Will be seen, one end ofthe lever 28 rests upon the valvestem and the other end has mountedthereon an antifriction-roller 28, upon which the rotating cam Doperates.

I now refer to the gasolene attachment shown in Figs. 2, 7, and 8, whichconsists of an oil-reservoir 30, mounted above the valvebox H. Thisreservoir has an oil-opening 31, that communicates with chamber 4,adjacent to valve 5, and the feed of oil therethrough is controlled byvalve mechanism, consisting of an outer or timing valve 32, whichcontrols the feed to an inner needle-valve 33, which regulates thequantity. The outer or timing valve 32 is under the control of thegovernor through means of a forked lever 34, which is fulcrumed at 35,and is movable by the valvestem 3 of valve 3. In the application of thisgasolene attachment the gas is shut off from the valve 1, and thefunction of valve 3 is to admit air to the chamber 4. The inner ormeasuring valve 33 is stationarythat is to say, when set at a properposition or adjusted by screwing it in or out of its seat it so remainsand is not affected by the governor or outer valve 32. The quantity ofmixture or air that passes through valve 3 depends entirely upon theaction of the governor in shifting the tappet 11, and the supply of airand gas bear a uniform relation whether in large or small quantities ofmixture. Thus there is a uniformity in the quality of the mixture, theonly variation being in the quantity of said mixture admitted to thecylinder. The check-valve 5 remains open during the full length of theoutward stroke of the piston. It will be understood that when the formof the tappet 11 shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is used the admission of mixtureto the power-cylinder is regular, though varying in quantity, while withthe form of the tappet shown in Figs. 9 and 10 the admission takes placewhenever the speed of the engine becomes normal.

Having fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to securebyLetters v Patent- 1. In a gas-engine, the combination with amixture-admission valve opening into a mixing-chamber, a gas-admissionvalve opening outwardly from said chamber, and a checkvalve opening intoa combustion chamber, and controlling the passage from themixtureadmission valve to the combustion-chamber, of a tapering tappet,a yielding support upon which said tappet is mounted, a governor toshift said tappet and support, and means for guiding the movement ofsaid support,whereby the said admission-valves maybe subjected tovariable and simultaneous openings to admit mixture to the combustion.chamber, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a gas-engine, the combination with a cam-shaft, a powercylinder, acombustionchamber communicating with said power-cylinder, and astationary electrode, of a movable electrode, an igniter-rod, a springinclosed between said igniter-rod and the movable eleetrode to impartmovement to the latter when the igniter rod is depressed, aresetting-spring, and a pivotal shoe on said igniter-rod to effect aseparation of said movable electrode, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. In a gas-engine, the combination with a gas-admission valve openinginto a mixingohamber, a mixture-admission valve opening outwardly, and acheck-valve opening into a combustion-chamber, of a lever operated bythe governor, a sleeve movable by said lever, a tappet-spring carried bysaid sleeve, and a tapering tappet carried by said spring adapted tovary the openings of said admissionvalves, and cams for depressing saidtappet and check-valve.

- 4. In a gas-engine, the combination with a governor and a leveroperated and controlled by said governor, of a sleeve connected withsaid lever and controlled thereby and having a curved spring thereon, atappet on said spring, a valve and its stem operated by said tappet, andmeans for depressing said tappet to operate said valve and stem,substantially as shown and described.

5. In a gas-engine, the combination with a governor a lever engaged atone end to said governor, and the other end of said lever engaging asliding sleeve, of a curved spring carried by said sleeve having atappet on its free end, and means for depressing said tappet, and avalve-stem adapted to be struck 'by said tappet, substantially as shownand described.

6. In a gas-engine, the combination with a lever operated by thegovernor, and a rotating cam-shaft, of a gasolene-valve consisting of aninner measuring-valve and an outer timing-valve, and an admission-valveto the stem ,of which said gasolene-valve is connected, a curved springactuated by said 1e ver, and a tappet on the free end of said springadapted to strike the stem of said ad= mission-valve and thereby effectan opening of the gasolene -valve and said admissionvalve, and a cam todepress said tappet, substantially asand for the purposes specified.

7 In a gas-engine, the combination with an admission valve opening intoa chamber adapted to receive air,and a check-valve opening into acombustion-chamber, of a gasoleneorifice opening into a chamber betweensaid valves and adjacent to said check-valve, a

needle-valve to measure the feed of oil to said chamber, and atiming-valve operated from the stem of said admission-valve and adaptedto time or regulate the feed of oil to said needle-valve, and meansoperated by the governor and cam-shaft for operatingsaidadmission-valve, substantially as and for the innnicating with thepower-cylinder, and a stationary electrode mounted in a plug in saidcombustion-chamber below the checkvalve, of a movable electrode, aspring adapted to actuate said electrode, an igniter-rod operated by acam on the cam-shaft, and adapted to make contact with the stationaryelectrode by compressing said spring, and means on said igniter-rod forbreaking said contact, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

.1 sierra? quickly breaking said contact, substantially as described.

10. In a gas-engine, a gasolene-valve consisting of an innermeasuring-valve, and an outer timing-valve controlling the feed to' saidinner valve, and means interposed between the timing-valve and thegovernor for opening said timing-valve.

11. In a gas-engine, a movable electrode consisting of two detachableparts, in combination with a sleeve journaled in the casing of thecombustion-chamber, whereby means are provided for quickly removing saidelectrode, and for enabling the water-jacket to be brought close to saidelectrode, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature 40 in presence of twowitnesses.

HARRY G. OARNELL.

Witnesses:

R. J. ll/IOCARTY, W. B. NEVIN.

